Prognosis of CT-derived Fractional Flow Reserve in the Prediction of Clinical Outcomes.

PURPOSE: To examine the prognostic implication of fractional flow reserve (FFR) derived from coronary CT (FFRCT) in routine clinical practice. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Patients referred for FFRCT analysis at a single center between October 2015 and June 2017 were retrospectively included and followed up for rates of invasive angiography and clinical events. Two hundred seven patients underwent successful FFRCT analysis with seven lost to follow-up, leaving 200 (mean age ± standard deviation, 62.4 years ± 10.0; 49 [24.5%] women) patients for analysis. At coronary CT angiography, patients were categorized as having significant stenosis (SS) in the presence of a diameter stenosis greater than or equal to 50% (hereafter, SS positive) and flow limitation in the presence of a postlesion (that is, FFRCT measured 2 cm to the distal aspect of the lesion) FFRCT less than 0.80 (hereafter, FFRCT positive). Vessel-oriented clinical events (VOCEs) were defined as vessel-related late revascularization (>90 days), myocardial infarction, and cardiac mortality. RESULTS: At CT angiography, 130 (65%) studies were SS positive and 63 (31.5%) were FFRCT positive. At median follow-up of 477 days (range, 252-859 days), there were 26 VOCE end points in 22 patients: 22 revascularizations and four nonfatal myocardial infarctions. VOCE end points occurred in zero of 58 (0%) of SS-negative and FFRCT negative patients, in eight of 79 (10.1%) of SS-positive and FFRCT-negative patients, in zero of 12 (0%) of SS-negative and FFRCT-positive patients, and in 18 of 51 (35.3%) of SS-positive and FFRCT-positive patients (log-rank χ2 = 30.1; P < .001). At multivariable Cox regression, both FFRCT (hazard ratio per 0.1 decrease, 1.54 [95% confidence interval: 1.1, 2.2] P = .013) and stenosis (hazard ratio per unit increase, 2.16 [95% confidence interval: 1.25, 3.72] P = .006) were independently associated with VOCE. CONCLUSION: Stenosis and FFRCT are independent predictors of intermediate-term outcomes. In the absence of a stenosis greater than 50%, a positive FFRCT result is not associated with an increased intermediate risk.© RSNA, 2019Supplemental material is available for this article.See also commentary by Fairbairn and Bull in this issue.

Laparoscopic subtotal gastrectomy in morbid obese patients: a valid option to laparoscopic gastric bypass in particular circumstances (prospective study).

BACKGROUND: Laparoscopic Roux-en-Y Gastric Bypass (LRYGB) without resection of the distal stomach is largely performed over the world for morbid obesity. Potential risk of gastric remnant carcinoma development has been suggested. PURPOSE: To present the results obtained after LRYGB with resection of distal stomach. METHOD: This prospective study includes 400 consecutive patients. The mean body weight was 105.9 ± 16.8 Kg (range 83-145 kg), and body mass index (BMI) was 38.5 ± 4.4 kg/m2 (32.9-50.3). Postoperative morbid-mortality and follow-up were analyzed. RESULTS: Operative time was 128.5 ± 18.7 min, hospital discharge occurred at 3rd postoperative day, postoperative complications occurred in 9.25%, early surgical complications were observed in 3% and medical complications 4%, late surgical complications occurred 2.25%, no mortality was observed. At 1 year follow-up, BMI was 25.3 ± 2.7 kg/m2 with % of weight loss (%WL) of 84.6 + 19.1%. At five years follow-up very similar values were observed. CONCLUSION: The results obtained after LRYGB with resection of distal stomach are similar to results published after non resection LRYGB regarding early and late results and can be indicated in high risk areas of gastric carcinoma.

Resultados del tratamiento quirúrgico en pacientes con cáncer gástrico de 80 o más años / Results of surgical treatment of gastric cancer in patients with 80 or more years of age

Introducción: La población chilena, al igual que la mundial, ha presentado un importante envejecimiento en los últimos 25 años. El cáncer gástrico ocupa la primera causa de mortalidad por tumores malignos en Chile. Objetivo: Determinar la mortalidad operatoria de la gastrectomía total o subtotal en pacientes con cáncer gástrico de 80 o más años y la sobrevida a 5 años. Material y método: Estudio retrospectivo y prospectivo de todos los pacientes sometidos a resección gástrica por cáncer gástrico entre 1988 y 2016, con 80 o más años. Se excluyeron los pacientes sometidos a técnicas quirúrgicas no resectivas. Se analizaron las siguientes variables: síntomas y signos, comorbilidades, características anatomopatológicas, mortalidad según el tipo de gastrectomía y sobrevida global a 5 años. Resultados: En el periodo de tiempo analizado hubo 70 pacientes con cáncer gástrico y edad igual o mayor de 80 años, que representan al 7,4% del total de pacientes con resección gástrica. Los síntomas más frecuentes fueron dolor, baja de peso y anemia crónica microcítica. Hubo un 66% de pacientes con comorbilidades. El cáncer se ubicó preferentemente en el tercio superior, siendo un adenocarcinoma en 66 pacientes. En 4 pacientes hubo 2 linfomas, un GIST maligno y un carcinoide maligno. El carcinoma incipiente correspondió al 12% de los adenocarcinomas. La mortalidad global de la gastrectomía fue del 17%, siendo el 5% para la subtotal y el 22% para la total. La sobrevida promedio a 5 años fue del 26%. Conclusiones: La gastrectomía subtotal o total en pacientes con cáncer gástrico sobre 80 años es factible de realizar en pacientes seleccionados, pero el riesgo de mortalidad operatoria es de 7 a 10 veces mayor que en pacientes bajo los 75 años.

Introduction: The longevity of Chilean population has increased greatly in the last 25 years, similar to world population. Gastric cancer in Chile is the first cause of death due to malignant tumors. Purpose: To determine operative mortality of subtotal or total gastrectomy in patients with gastric cancer older than 80 years, and the rate 5 year-survival. Material and method: This is an retrospective-prospective study of all patients with 80 years of age or more submitted to gastric resection due to gastric cancer between 1988 and 2016. Patients submitted to non-resective procedures were excluded. The following parameters were analized: symptoms and signs, comorbidities, pathologic features of the gastric cancer, operative mortality according to the gastrectomy and 5-year survival rate. Results: There were 70 patients with gastric cancer older than 80 years of age, which represented 7.4% of all patients with gastric cancer submitted to gastric resection in the same period of time. Most frequent symptoms were epigastric pain, loss of weight and chronic microcitic anemia. There were 66% of the patients with comorbidities. The tumor was located mainly in the upper third of the stomach, being an adenocarcinoma in 66 patients (94%). There were also 2 linfomas, one GIST and one patient with a malignant carcinoid. Early cancer was observed in 12% of the adenocarcinomas. Global operative mortality was 17% being 5% for subtotal and 22% for total gastrectomy. Mean 5-year survival rate was 26%. Conclusions: Subtotal or total gastrectomy in patients with gastric cancer with 80 years of age or more is possible to perform in selected patients, but the risk of operative mortality is 7 to 10 times greater than below 75 years of age.